The Control Your Cash 2012 Woman of the Year

 

(Not pictured: CYC Woman of the Year commemorative sash and scepter)

(Not pictured: CYC Woman of the Year commemorative sash and scepter)

 

Every year we honor someone who embodies the Control Your Cash spirit, and name that person our Man of the Year. To win, all you have to do is buy assets, sell liabilities; and most importantly, act as the primary determinant of where your money goes instead of complaining about how the world is stacked in somebody else’s favor. That describes fewer people than you’d think, despite our best efforts to change the world’s collective mindset. Previous Control Your Cash Men of the Year have included a presidential candidate, a guy whom we never met yet who managed to lead an interesting and productive life despite making little money, and a CYC acquaintance who refuses to spend money stupidly and take on unnecessary expenses.

With 2012 in the bag, we’re proud to announce that its honoree is our first Woman of the Year. And a personal finance blogger, although that’s just a coincidence.

It’s Paula Pant, who runs Afford Anything and whose attitude and acumen we’ve espoused multiple times on this site. More to the point, she’s a real estate investor whose cash is flowing at a large enough volume that a significant chunk of her income now derives from investments. Investments of her own creation, no less.

Standard, incorrect thinking maintains that anyone who succeeds in this rapacious capitalist society of ours either a) came from money or b) killed herself by working 17-hour days and never coming up for air. The first is at best a sufficient condition, not a necessary one. The second is a sucker’s game, which you instinctively know, whether you choose to acknowledge it or not.

Ms. Pant didn’t start off with gigantic privileges. She’s a 1st-generation American who grew up in a stable household of ordinary means, neither summering in the Hamptons nor panhandling for sustenance.

She didn’t even study corporate finance in college, nor neurosurgery, nor something else with a promise of immediate financial rewards upon graduation. Nor did she go to an Ivy League or other exclusive private college. She majored in sociology (of all things), at the University of Colorado. A school where most people major in weed, if you give credence to stereotypes.

We don’t know what kind of salary Paula draws, but she’s a freelance writer. Her direct income is probably closer to modest than it is to exorbitant. Yet she owns 3 rental properties, travels the world like she’s being chased by Interpol, and is still on the innocent side of 30. How is this possible, when the typical 20-something journalism graduate is

  • drowning in tens of thousands of dollars of student loans
  • often working retail, given the dubious long-term prospects for the business model of newspapers and magazines?

Short answer, Paula is a hopelessly original thinker. As proof of this, she wrote a post titled “If I Had $1 Million, I’d Go Into Debt” and wasn’t kidding. Most people are too dumb to draw a distinction between consumer debt (that monstrous VISA bill that you try to wish away the existence of) and smart leverage (borrowing money at x% so you can earn a return of x+y%, which is the only legitimate and lasting way for most of us to build wealth.) Paula is the exception.

She bought one of those houses at an 80% discount (not a typo). The house cost less than a new Ford F-150 without options, and while the house needed some cosmetic work, the effort she put into said work (her sweat, her contractor boyfriend’s sweat, the money she paid to some professionals) paid for itself several times over. And continues to, as her tenants are making her rich(er).

Last January, Ms. Pant announced that she was somewhat improbably going to invest every single penny she made in 2012. This wasn’t some character-building exercise, nor a New Year’s Resolution. It was a way to focus the “pain” of forgoing immediate luxuries in order to enjoy further and more pronounced pleasures. (Pleasures in the form of greater rental income, and ultimately greater self-determination. It also meant a year of deferring world travel, her passion.)

Wait, you mean you can invest your money obsessively and still enjoy life? Come on.

YES. What shameless self-promoter Tim Ferriss argues you can do in theory, Paula does in practice. And it doesn’t involve weighing your food to the nearest milligram, nor paying money up front to a fulfillment company and hoping for the best, nor hiring an Indian remote assistant to proofread your documents (which will invariably require another round of proofreading upon their return.)

Her priorities are specific, with flexible but detailed plans on how to get there. Contrast that with the directionlessness that most people exist under.

I hope I get a raise this quarter.
I really should ask for a raise.
Should I apply for another job? What if I don’t get it, then word gets around that I’m looking? Oh, I’ll be so screwed.
If I stay, they’ll match my 401(k). I couldn’t leave if I wanted to.
My landlady raised the rent again. So unfair. 

Look: most transactions in our society are mutually beneficial. Otherwise, they wouldn’t happen. For instance, no one likes paying rent, but it beats living under a bridge or with your parents. But fortunately (fortunately for the landed gentry, that is), there are plenty of people undisciplined enough that their very existence enriches the people who own things. And by “things”, we don’t necessarily mean high-rise apartment buildings or Class A shares of Berkshire Hathaway stock. A few single-detached rental properties in Atlanta will do.

Furthermore, it’s so easy to get to get to this position. All it takes is a tiny bit of motivation and again, discipline. Paula could have squandered paycheck after paycheck on unnecessarily expensive vacations and vehicles. Instead she travels largely on the cheap, sees no economic potential in $3000 leather car seats, and invests all the cash she has available. Not every investment turns to gold, of course, but it’s not that hard to minimize the potential risk. And as the saying goes, you miss 100% of the shots you don’t take.

When we talk about Paula’s modest background and stress that anyone with a brain can do what she’s done, we don’t mean to denigrate her nor her accomplishments. Far from it. Actually deciding to follow through on a plan, like Paula has done, is surprisingly difficult for many people to do. Most people, in fact. Better to lament one’s station in life than say, “I can do this, and will figure out how.” Paula Pant can, and did, and does. Leverage your assets into higher-valued ones, carry intelligent debt rather than stupid debt, and generate positive cash flow, and you could be a finalist for our 2013 Woman (or Man) of the Year.

How To Go Broke In Real Estate

One month, she tried to pay in canned goods and STDs

 

Every other post, you guys write about making money through real estate. It’s not that simple. 

We never said it was. If your wealth plan consists of nothing more than buying the cheapest house you can find and then placing an ad on Craig’s List for a renter, of course you’re going to fail. Here are some other handy tips to turn passive income into passive outgo:

 

1. Don’t do your homework. 

If you want to become a residential landlord, it takes 5 minutes to determine how much units are going for in your selected neighborhood. And another 4 minutes to see how much competing landlords are charging. Once you do, you can easily calculate cash-on-cash return on your investment (which is your down payment, divided into the rents you receive less the operating expenses and mortgage payment.)

You really do make your money going in, a truism that applies to most investments. Do the prep work before you get started, and you won’t be in the position that so many failed landlords end up in: a couple months later, losing money every month and not understanding why, then running the numbers and realizing that the only way to make cash flow on the property is to charge 3 times market rent. Which no renter will pay, and which you won’t be able to charge until the lease you made the current renter sign expires anyway.

 

2. Maintain a personal relationship with your renters. We know one gregarious, outgoing guy who built his wealth in the glamorous business of hair removal. When the money started coming in, he began buying houses. His pleasant demeanor is killing him as a landlord. He collects the rent personally: that is, when the renters feel like paying. He admits that at least one renter’s kids call him “Uncle Pete”, which means the battle’s already lost. When we asked if he bought the kids Christmas gifts, he laughed but didn’t answer.

How to fix this? Staying detached isn’t that difficult. Friends are friends. Accounts receivable are accounts receivable. There’s no reason why the twain need to meet. Uncle Pete could have saved himself aggravation if he’d hired a property manager.

We can’t say property managers are worth their weight in gold, because many of them are overweight middle-aged ladies who weren’t adept at selling real estate for commission and thus chose to work on what’s essentially salary. But a good property manager will save you myriad headaches.

Property managers usually charge 8-10%. For that they’ll find you a renter, collect the rent, and deal with all the unforeseen problems that come up so you don’t have to (calling someone to fix the dishwasher, et al.) It’s worth their cut just for you to not have to deal with collecting the rent yourself. Not because collecting rent eats up a lot of time, but tracking down even one late tenant will make you appreciate the value of a property manager.

Say a tenant wants to beg you for an extension, or explain to you that he wants the late fee waived because he needed money to buy his daughter a new pair of crutches for her polio. He can’t do so if he doesn’t know how to contact you (or better yet, doesn’t even know your name.) Instead, everything goes through the property manager and it’s not your problem. She’s experienced at this and knows how to keep the relationship purely business. She can be a good cop and shrug her shoulders when the tenant begs for a break; “I really would love to help you, but the landlord’s being obstinate. You’re right, he’s such a jerk.” Or she can be a bad cop and put her foot down. “These are the rules. You’re welcome to leave in the middle of the night and have us hold onto your security deposit, if you’re that kind of person. Did I mention my daughter’s married to a police captain?”

 

3. Don’t do due diligence. 

In the early 21st century, there’s no excuse for not knowing as much as you possibly can about a person who’s in a position to defraud you. Google a potential renter’s phone number, and you might be able to find his long-dormant MySpace page on which his friends have left posts discussing the awesome strain of Panama Red they recently smoked. A simple name search can lead to the endlessly fascinating WhosArrested.com (WARNING: you can spend hours on there.) Confirming that a renter is clean and responsible – or at the very least, isn’t waving any red flags in your face – isn’t that hard to do.

Ultimately, be cold and antiseptic. Remember, it’s business. Save the wimpiness and the malleability for your child-rearing and your other personal relationships. Ruthlessness isn’t a necessary condition for building wealth. But letting yourself be a doormat is a sufficient condition for losing wealth.

This article is featured in:

**The Festival of Frugality #320: It’s Warm Somewhere in the World Edition**

**Top Personal Finance Posts of the Week-The Facebook IPO Edition**

Stealing Money With Lease Options

If you missed Part 1, check it out now (funk soul brother)

This is what happens on the 365th day of most lease-option agreements. Either that, or someone reups.

Don’t confuse a lease option with its sturdier sibling, a lease purchase, in which you’re obligated to sell the house and the tenant is obligated to buy (unless you mutually agree not to.) Because clearly you should avoid this, we’re not going to explain why you shouldn’t. You shouldn’t smoke cigarettes either, but if you don’t know why we’re not going to waste time telling you.

Again, it’s called a lease option. You want the tenant to be in a position where she can choose to buy the house. If she’s required to buy the house, that means you’re required to sell it. You want to hold on to your asset if at all possible.

We’ve left one crucial piece of information out so far. How many tenants exercise their lease options and live happily ever after?

Some estimates range as low as 5%, which common sense should dictate is a reasonable figure. Again, to exercise the option the tenant has to be able to diligently save for 12 months (or however long the lease is.) Leopards don’t change their spots. Why wasn’t the tenant able to have saved that money in the first place? The vast majority of lease-option tenants simply don’t have the self-control to build up a down payment. What they do have are dreams built on gossamers.

Would you buy a lottery ticket with a 95% chance of winning? For a smart landlord, that’s what a lease-option is. The downside here is minuscule. Not negligible, but tiny. Remember, the worst-case scenario is that you got a year’s worth of free money. For that worst case to happen, the appraised value of your house has to have risen enough that it’s worth the tenant’s while to make an offer. Plus the tenant has to be good for the money. Future housing prices and your tenant’s ability to save are two variables out of your control, but the odds are still hugely in your favor.

One advantage to lease-options is that they work in both expensive and cheap housing markets. In the former case, tenants are looking to lock in a price for fear that eventually they won’t be able to ever buy anything. In the latter case, when the likelihood of the tenant exercising the option is greater (yet still small), you the landlord protect yourself against any potential losses. While still charging premium rents.

(Obligatory paragraph about the morality of this, and seriously, we’re not going to address this again. The tenants know what they’re getting into. They have to sign the lease-option agreement, which means they’re obligated to read it or get someone to explain it to them.)

Really, the only downside is the 5% chance that you could “lose” (i.e. have to sell) your house. Even if that’s a conservative estimate, it’s still overwhelmingly likely that once your lease-option term expires, you’ll still have a house and your tenant will have nothing. That house remains an asset, and not just in that it’s got a dollar value attached to it. At Control Your Cash, we define an asset as something that’ll help you grow wealth (You really need to read the book.)

The house doesn’t just have an intrinsic worth, it enables you to increase your own worth by letting you rent it out – over and over again.

One more thing. Make sure your lease-option agreement prohibits the tenant from coming to the end of the term, not having the money to purchase the house in hand, and thus simply assigning the option to someone else whom she can then buy the house from at her convenience. This is called a “non-assignability” clause. You don’t want the tenant’s rich uncle covering for her and taking your asset.

Rent-to-own is how certain enterprising furniture and appliance sellers got obscenely rich. If there are enough people out there who can’t even muster up the requisite money to buy a sofa without making a year’s worth of payments, imagine how many more can’t do the same thing for a house.

**This article is featured in the Carnival of Personal Finance #319-Summer Heat Wave Edition**